Yosra HASNi

Background: Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors are increasingly recognized among medical trainees, but data in young physicians remain limited. Screening in this population is clinically relevant because eating disorder risk may coexist with anxiety, depressive symptoms, weight-control behaviors, and occupational stress. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of a positive SCOFF-F screen for eating disorder risk among interns and residents at a Tunisian university hospital and to describe associated sociodemographic, psychological, and weight-control factors. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted at Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Interns and residents completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, clinical history, substance use, body mass index, weight-control behaviors, gastrointestinal symptoms, the French SCOFF questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Categorical variables were summarized as counts and percentages. Exploratory comparisons used the chi-square test or Fisher exact test when appropriate. Results: Of 55 returned questionnaires, 50 were analyzable. The mean age was 26 years, 28 participants (56%) were women, and 33 (66%) were residents. Twelve participants (24%) screened positive for eating disorder risk. Underweight, overweight, and obesity were observed in 12%, 16%, and 2% of participants, respectively. Anxiety symptoms were common, and depressive symptoms were present in approximately one quarter of participants. In exploratory analyses based on the available tabulated counts, SCOFF positivity was associated with anxiety category, depression category, dieting, and exercise used as a weight-control behavior, whereas sex and training status were not statistically significant. Conclusion: One in four young physicians screened positive for eating disorder risk in this single-center cohort. The findings support systematic awareness, early screening, and institutional wellness strategies targeting disordered eating, psychological distress, and potentially harmful weight-control behaviors among medical trainees.

Background: Vitamin D is an endocrine secosteroid with recognized extra-skeletal functions, including modulation of immune responses, epithelial barrier integrity, antimicrobial peptide expression, and inflammatory signaling. In parallel, the intestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized as a metabolic and immunological interface relevant to obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic health. This review evaluates the evidence linking vitamin D status or supplementation to the composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota. Methods: A systematic narrative review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2010 to 2025. Human interventional and observational studies, systematic reviews, and mechanistic reports addressing vitamin D status or supplementation and gut microbiota outcomes were considered. The search and selection process was summarized using a PRISMA-style flow diagram. Findings were synthesized qualitatively because of substantial heterogeneity in populations, vitamin D regimens, microbiome sequencing methods, and reported endpoints. Results: Seventy-four records were identified; after duplicate removal and screening, 25 full-text reports were assessed and 11 evidence sources were retained for detailed synthesis. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was generally associated with a more favorable microbiota profile, including greater microbial diversity and enrichment of taxa such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and butyrate-associated organisms. Randomized supplementation studies showed biologically plausible but inconsistent effects on alpha diversity, beta diversity, and phylum-level changes, particularly the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes balance. Conclusions: Current evidence supports a plausible vitamin D-gut microbiota axis, but causality remains unproven. Vitamin D supplementation should not yet be considered a targeted microbiota- modifying therapy outside correction of deficiency. Larger standardized randomized trials with integrated metabolomic, endocrine, and clinical endpoints are required.