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         article-type="Research Paper"
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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Advances in Obesity, Endocrinology, and Diabetes</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AOEDS</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">3049-0715</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Dr Lakshmi Nagendra</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AOEDS230047</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Genotype phenotype correlation of a homozygous DDX11 variant of uncertain  significance in a 21-year-old Sudanese woman with a Warsaw Breakage Syndrome  phenotype</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alqaysi</surname>
            <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sahar</surname>
            <given-names>Bashar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>AlMukhtar</surname>
            <given-names>Malak</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">CMC Hospital</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Queen’s University Belfast</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-04">
        <month>05</month>
        <day>04</day>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <abstract>
        <p>Warsaw Breakage Syndrome (WABS) is a rare autosomal recessive chromosome instability disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in DDX11 [1]. It is characterised by growth restriction, microcephaly, intellectual disability and sensorineural hearing loss [1,4,5]. We report a 21-year-old Sudanese woman with severe proportionate short stature, microcephaly, intellectual disability, hearing loss and pigmentary skin changes. Genetic testing identified a homozygous DDX11 missense variant (c.707A&gt;G; p.His236Arg), classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Despite uncertain classification, the phenotype is highly suggestive of WABS. This case highlights the importance of clinical correlation in interpreting VUS findings in rare cohesinopathies [5,8].</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Warsaw Breakage Syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>DDX11</kwd>
        <kwd>chromosome instability</kwd>
        <kwd>microcephaly</kwd>
        <kwd>intellectual disability</kwd>
        <kwd>sensorineural hearing loss</kwd>
        <kwd>variant of uncertain significance</kwd>
        <kwd>cohesinopathy</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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